1.愛滋病也稱為後天免疫不全症候群(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome,AIDS),是一種感染到人類免疫不全病毒(HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus;俗稱愛滋病毒)而引發的疾病。當由血液檢查確定為HIV陽性時,表示體內已有HIV的抗體,簡單的說,也就是感染了HIV病毒,成為HIV感染者。愛滋病毒專門侵犯與攻擊人體免疫細胞,進而摧毀人體的免疫機,使人體失去抵抗能力,而發生伺機性感染,嚴重時則可能會致命。
2.HIVAIDSHIV感染與AIDS並未畫上等號,一般有三至十年或更久之無症狀帶原期才有症狀發生,因此並不會感染後立即發展成為AIDS。國內自從1984年以來,已有三成的感染者發病;二成的病人死亡,但因發病而住院的人數愈來愈少。目前國內女性感染者較少,男性約為女性感染者的12倍。但因為異性戀感染者的人數日益升高,因此女性感染比率將會隨之增加,感染者已經不再侷限於同性戀者。
3.HIV的傳染方式
3.1.經性行為而接觸到已感染者的體液,如血液、精液、子宮頸與陰道內黏液。
3.2.輸入或接觸被愛滋病毒污染的血液、血液製品。
3.3.與感染愛滋病毒之靜脈藥癮者共同使用注射針頭及空針。
3.4.接受愛滋病毒感染者所捐贈之身體器官(器官移植)或精液(人工受精)。
3.5.嬰兒經由其已感染病毒之母親在妊娠期、生產期或因授乳而感染愛滋病毒。
3.6.身上有開放性傷口不慎接觸到HIV/AIDS個案的體液或血液等。
4.愛滋病治療的希望與發展自從1996年何大一博士發明了雞尾酒療法(高效能抗HIV病毒療法)以來,大大降低了因AIDS而導致死亡的比率。
目前全世界有很多的科學家及醫療人員仍努力發展新的治療方法,包含疫苗、中醫療法及副作用較少的藥物。
5.養生之道:
5.1.預防:「吃的好、睡的飽」、「放輕鬆」(如:深呼吸運動、肌肉鬆弛運動、自我肯定的練習...)、「安全性性行為」(全程且正確使用合格的保險套)。
5.2.治療:配合醫師指示,按時服用藥物;當因藥物副作用而造成身體不適時,請與醫師溝通以調整藥物,避免任意停藥,因為若任意停藥,病毒很快又會活躍起來,甚至產生抗藥性導藥物無效,故持續服藥是非常重要的。how to cheat with a married woman
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